Introduction:

English name: chloramphenicol

Molecular Formula:C11H12Cl2N2O5

Molecular Weight:323.1294

CAS Registry Number:56-75-7

EINECS:200-287-4

Quality:BP/CP/USP/EP

Density:1.547g/cm3

Melting point:149-153°C

Boiling point:644.9°C at 760 mmHg

Refractive index:1.611

Flash point:343.8°C

Water solubility:2.5 g/L (25°C)

Vapour Pressure:1.63E-17mmHg at 25°C 

Application of Chloramphenicol

     Chloramphenicol is used for the treatment of serious infections when the microorganism is resistant to less toxic antibiotics and also when its ability to penetrate to the site of the infection is superior to less toxic alternative antibiotics.

     Chloramphenicol is used only when safer drugs are contraindicated;pregnancy,lactation,or known hypersensitivity to this drug also prohibits its use.

Function of Chloramphenicol

Chloramphenicol is effective against a wide variety of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including most anaerobic organisms. Due to resistance and safety concerns, it is no longer a first-line agent for any indication in developed nations, although it is sometimes used topically for eye infections; nevertheless, the global problem of advancing bacterial resistance to newer drugs has led to renewed interest in its use. In low-income countries, chloramphenicol is still widely used because it is exceedingly inexpensive and readily available.

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